To determine the shortest route between Lima and Lisbon, which type of map should be used?

Using an azimuthal projection with Lisbon at the center is ideal for determining the shortest route between Lima and Lisbon because azimuthal projections are designed to represent distances accurately from the center point. When a specific location serves as the central point, distances measured from that location to any other point on the map are shown as true distances.

This characteristic is particularly useful for air travel or direct routing, as it allows one to easily visualize the most direct pathway over the Earth's surface. By centering the map on Lisbon, one can clearly see the shortest path to Lima, which would likely be a great circle route. The azimuthal projection also maintains directional relationships, helping navigators assess bearings effectively.

In contrast, other types of maps might distort distances and angles depending on their projection, making them less suitable for precise navigation or determining direct routes. Thus, the choice of centering the map on Lisbon optimizes the navigation from Lima, increasing the accuracy of route planning.