Which major empire arose in Africa after resources were found in the Sahel?

The development of the Ghana and Mali Empires in Africa was closely tied to the resources found in the Sahel region, particularly gold and other valuable commodities. The Sahel, which is the semi-arid transitional zone between the Sahara Desert to the north and the more fertile regions to the south, became a critical trade corridor.

The Ghana Empire, which flourished from approximately the 6th to the 13th centuries, was one of the first great states in the region that managed to utilize the wealth generated from gold mining and trade across the Sahel. It became a powerful and wealthy empire due to its control over the gold trade routes, which attracted merchants and facilitated the exchange of goods.

Following the decline of the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire emerged in the 13th century, further capitalizing on the existing trade networks. The Mali Empire expanded significantly under the rule of Mansa Musa, who is famed for his pilgrimage to Mecca and his lavish spending of gold, which showcased the immense wealth of the empire. It not only controlled the lucrative gold resources but also became a center for culture and education, further solidifying its prominence in West Africa.

Thus, the correct answer reflects the historical context that both the Ghana and Mali Empires