Which of the following groups is primarily associated with the ongoing conflict in Sri Lanka?

The ongoing conflict in Sri Lanka is primarily associated with the Sinhalese and Tamils. This conflict has deep historical roots, stemming from ethnic tensions between the Sinhalese majority, who are predominantly Buddhist, and the Tamil minority, primarily Hindu. The Tamils have long sought greater autonomy and recognition of their rights, which they felt were denied by the Sinhalese-dominated government. This led to a protracted civil war that lasted from the late 1970s until 2009, resulting in significant loss of life and human displacement.

The other groups mentioned are not directly involved in the Sri Lankan conflict. Hindus and Buddhists are part of the religious identities within the Sinhalese and Tamil groups but do not define the primary nature of the conflict. The Chinese and Tibetans refer to a different geopolitical and cultural conflict mainly centered around issues of autonomy and human rights in Tibet within China. The Arabs and Israelis are involved in a separate long-standing conflict over territorial and national issues in the Middle East, which is unrelated to the situation in Sri Lanka. Therefore, the association of the Sinhalese and Tamils with the conflict in Sri Lanka is the most accurate representation of the dynamics at play.